Sectional steam-generator



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. A. P. BLIVEN.

SEGTIONAL STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 461,124. Patented Oct. 13,1891.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. P. BLIVEN. SEGTIONAL STEAM GENERATOR.

No.461,124. Patented 0013.13.1891.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

A. P. BLIVEN.

SEGTIONAL STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 461,124. Patented Oct. 13,1891.

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Q 8 *4 8 T (6) s O mam W UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALONZO PERRY BLIVEN, OF BROOKLYN, NEV YORK.

SECTIONAL STEAM-G EN ERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 461,124, dated October 13, 1891. Application filed January 8, 1891. $erial No. 377,083. (No model.)

J?) all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALONZO PERRY BLIVEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Sectional Steam-Generator, of which the following is a specification.

In the existing forms of sectional boilers, coil-boilers, and water-tube boilers, and especially those designed for marine purposes, where great steam producing capacity is requisite in a very small space, the circulation of the water is very faulty and irregular on account of the very small areas avail able. Another objection to these boilers is the impossibility of determining the amount of water in the boiler while working, as the intense heat at the lower portions of the boiler, generating steam faster than it can escape through the small passages, drives the water before it into the upper parts of the boiler, where a small amount of water will show in the gages as if the boiler is full. This action of the boiler produces wet steam and permits of the rapid burning out of the lower parts of the boiler. Another diiiiculty in these classes of boilers is the great number of joints and connections necessitated,which, from the constant and irregular expansion and contraction of the parts, are almost impossible to keep tight. The area of heatingsurface, which determines the capacity of the boiler, is not only very limited in these boilers, but because of their usual arrangement the heat is cut off practically from the upper portions, and being confined to the lower parts these receive an excess of heat, which, instead or" being utilized in producing steam, is expended in superheating that already produced.

The objects of my invention are to overcome the above difliculties, and I attain them by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the generator complete; Fig. 2, a similar view with the casing or jacket removed. Fig. 3 is a sectional view through as o: in Fig. 2; and Fig. t is a view through y y in Fig. 3, partlyinsection, showing one of the sections of which the generator is composed.

It will be seen that the generator is made up of any desired number of sections A, constructed as shown in Fig. 3, which consists of a number of conical tubes to a, set vertically and opening at top and bottom into longitudinal tubes 12 b of sizes to correspond to the areas of the two ends of the conical tubes (1 a. A good practical proportion for the tubes a a is to make the diameter of their upper ends about'double that of the lower end.

The sections A may be cast in one piece of iron, steel, or other suitable material, thus enabling the generator to be constructed with no joints within the casing.

If desired, conical plugs 6 may be inserted in the lower connection-tube b and extending up within the conical tubes a, and these plugs may either be solid, as at e, or, in a generator of suflicient size, they may be made hollow, as at 6', with openings 2' for admitting water within them. These plugs serve to somewhat increase the amount of heating-surface. Each of the sections A is connected outside of the generator-casing with a steamdrum D by means of the flanges f. The lower connecting-tubes b are also connected outside of the casing with a feed and blow-oft pipe C.

The boiler jacket or casing is formed as fol lows: A pipe is coiled to form the grate G, and then continues in a vertical coil around the fire-box to 02, Figs. 2 and l. From this point the tube rises to the upper part of the generator and is again coiled in a descending spiral to form a casing N about the body of the generator and ends at 0, where it 0011- nects with the feed-tube b. The feed-water is admitted to the jacket-coil at P, and, as is evident from the above, first traverses the firebox, then ascends to the top of the generator, and, flowing down through the upper coil, enters the generator at 0 nearly, if not quite, at the boiling-point.

An outside casing H,of asbestus or felt and sheet-iron, closes in the body of the generator, while a casing J, of iron, surrounds the fire-box.

A gage-pipe 3 may be placed at a convenient point, upon which are placed the gageglass g and the gage-cocks o r.

The form of the conical tubes a a allows a perfect circulation of the water and a free delivery of steam, as the constantly-increasin g area of the tubes from the bottom upward generator there is no more than compensates for the increase in the volume of the steam, and consequently it escapes freely Without disturbing the body of Water in the generator. This free fiow of steam also is conducive to dry steam, and any particles of Water that may be carried from the surface will be separated on passing through the openings ff on the way to the steamdrum D. The gradually-increasing diameter of the tubes 0, also presents an increasing area of heating-surface for the absorption of the heat, which is becoming cooler as it rises farther from the grate, thus completely utilizing all the heat generated, and by evenly distributing the same throughout the interior of the possibility. of burning out one part or of causing twisting strains by unequal heating. As the draft is not cut up and choked by numerous pipes or connectlons at right angles to it, the heat is permitted to act throughout the interior of the generator in a natural manner without being unduly concentrated upon one portion of it, and in consequence the full Working capacity of the generator can be maintained without resorting to a forced draft to carry off the products of combustion.

Each of the sections above described forms a complete steam-generator in itself, and as the connections of the sections with the common feed-pipe and the common steam-drum are entirely outside the casing it is a simple matter to out 01f or disconnect any section from the rest in case of accident, and in the same way one section after another may be cut off and a supply of steam still obtained from the remaining sections as long as one remains perfect. As all of the sections are alike, they are interchangeable, and if a section is injured or gives out for any reason it can be easily and quickly replaced by another 1by 1an ordinary mechanic Without any special I have shown here methods of easing my new generator; but these are not essential to its proper operation, as any of the ordinary methods for closing in or setting boilers may be employed, if desired.

Vhat I claim, and desire. to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. Asectional steam-generator composed of any desired number of vertical cone-shaped drums having their larger ends uppermost and arranged in a suitable number of rows, the drums in each of said rows being connected at top and bottom, respectively, by a horizontal steam-drum and a feed-pipe corresponding in size with the adjacent ends of the conical drums, and the said steam-drums and feed-pipes of the several rows being connected,respectively,bya common steam-drum and a common feed-pipe, substantially as set forth.

2. In a sectional steam-generator, a suitgenerating sections and forming the gratebars and a suitable non-conducting casing, substantiallly as described.

3. The'combination of a series of conical tubes at a, connected at their upper and lower ends, respectively, by the tubes 1) and b with the conical plugs 6, set in the tube 1) and extending up Within the tubes (t, the whole forming one of a number of sections which may be suitably combined to form a steamgenerator, substantialiy as set forth.

4. In a sectional steam-generator, the combination of the sections A A, steam-drum D, feed pipe C, feed-water-heating coils G N, and easing I-I, substantially as described.

. A. PERRY BLIVEN.

Vitnesses:

HERBERT J. HINDES, GEO. WVuBEST. 

